874章：有惊无险
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《明史 平安传》：福开壁来援，为高煦所败。
按，此即靖难灵璧之战，若非高煦败何福，成祖能否生擒平安，实未可知之数矣。
《明史纪事本末 高煦之叛》：江上之战，文皇兵却，高煦适引骑兵至，文皇抚其背曰：“吾病矣，汝努力，世子多疾。”
《明史 金忠传》：帝起兵时，次子高煦从战有功，许以为太子。
按，江上之战，北军兵却，成祖一至于许高煦以太子以求臂助，于此可见高煦之能，已非屑屑矣。
以上皆高煦靖难之役之表现，鄙人考诸诸史，试求仁宗之表现，说详下：
《明史 顾成传》明言：“南军围城，防御、调度一听于成。”
《明史 姚广孝传》：其年十月，成祖袭大宁，李景隆乘间围北平。道衍守御甚固，击却攻者。夜缒壮士击伤南兵。援师至，内外合击，斩首无算。
《明史 徐皇后传》：时仁宗以世子居守，凡部分备御，多禀命于后。景隆攻城急，城中兵少，后激劝将校士民妻，皆授甲登陴拒守，城卒以全。
《明史 永平公主传》：让，舒城人，与袁容同岁选为燕府仪宾。燕兵起，帅府兵执谢贵等，取大宁，战白沟河有功，署掌北平布政司事，佐仁宗居守。
《明史 陈珪传》：还佐世子居守。
《明史 郭资传》：成祖悦，命辅世子居守。
《明史 吕震传》：燕兵起，震降于成祖，命侍世子居守。
以上皆仁宗靖难之役之表现，南军兵围北平，防守调度纯顾成之功也，又兼众人辅佐之功，北平犹几为瞿能所破，吾不敢言仁宗之功堪与高煦相比也。
至此，行文初之策论皆已印证无疑矣。然欲树立高煦之形象【注：即德操有阙，勇略冠世之形象】，犹欠一笔矣。此笔即高煦之叛也。宣宗朝之武功不过两例，征兀良哈及讨平高煦之叛也。征兀良哈宣宗所执之兵不过三千，而平高煦之叛，所动之兵则京营全部之精锐矣。
征兀良哈确为宣宗之武功无疑，然平高煦之叛实不足称道。何也？永乐十四年，成祖削高煦两护卫，则高煦仅存一护卫矣。永乐十五年，成祖徙高煦于山东乐安，则距北京甚近，可朝发而夕擒矣。此皆成祖庙算先定，宣宗不过俯拾前人之余绪而已。然高煦犹能凭五千六百人令仁宗惮不敢发而令宣宗躬执六师者，岂非凛凛神威所使然欤？
为表可信，故胪列以下史料已见其实：
《明史纪事本末 高煦之叛》：原吉曰：“往事可鉴，不可失也。臣见煦命将而色变，退语臣等而泣，知其无能为也。且兵贵神速，宜卷甲韬戈以往，一鼓而平之，所谓先声有夺人之心也。若命将出师，恐不济。杨荣言是。”
《明史 夏原吉传》：原吉曰：“独不见李景隆已事耶？臣昨见所遣将，命下即色变，临事可知矣。且兵贵神速，卷甲趋之，所谓先人有夺人之心也。荣策善。”
按，《明史纪事本末》做高煦命将则泣，正史做宣宗所遣将【注：即阳武侯薛禄】命下则色变。原吉身在京师，从何可得高煦命将而泣？故言之，此为《纪事本末》自相抵牾之辞也，实不足为据，此从正史，即薛禄惮高煦也。又《明史薛禄传》：“靖难”诸功臣，张玉、朱能及禄三人为最，而禄逮事三朝，岿然为时宿将。据此及高煦曾统率张玉，朱能可证高煦之勇略，实在张玉，朱能之上矣。
至此，高煦之能实已表述无疑，纵高煦之德不佳【注：直接无罪之人于江，纵卫士于京城内外劫掠】，然瑕不掩瑜，高煦之勇略实为其世之冠，当可做盖棺之论矣。呜呼！悠悠千祀，间生大将如高煦者，岂非国史之光乎？
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